The United States Constitution Prohibits The Making Of Any...

(Amendment I) to the United States Constitution prohibits the making of any law respecting an establishment of religion, impeding the free exercise of religion, abridging the freedom of speech, infringing on the freedom of the press, interfering with the right to peaceably Assemble or prohibiting the petitioning for governmental redress of grievances. In Accordance with the first amendment the U.S. Supreme Court has made an exception to its First Amendment jurisprudence for public employees through the incorporation of the Balancing test. The Balancing Test is defined as the principle emerging out of U.S. Supreme Court Cases that the individual liberties of public employees protected by the Constitution are no absolute and must be balanced against the requirements of their government jobs. through the balancing Act the Court provides guidelines on balance between the public needs and Individual rights outside the context of the Hatch Act and Partisan Politics. In my opinion, the Balancing test tries to provides protection for the employee rights of freedom of speech and expression serving as a tool for employees to fight against the injustice and unfair dismissals the Managers, public or nonprofit organizations , But still has major drawbacks in its application in situations where the rights of the employees are undermined for the sake of the benefit of the employer and its respective Organization. Some of the major cases serving as an example of the balancing testShow MoreRelatedThe First Amendment Of The United States Essay1322 Words   |  6 PagesThe first amendment to the U.S. Constitution states, â€Å"Congress shall make no law respecting an establishment of religion, or prohibiting the free exercise thereof†¦Ã¢â‚¬  The Supreme Court has been inconsistent in the application of these sometimes conflicting requirements. At times, the Court takes a separationist position, erecting a solid wall between church and state, and at other times takes an accommodationist position, siding with an individual’s right to exercise their religious beliefs. ReligiousRead MoreLegal Issues Surrounding Emergency Service Agencies913 Words   |  4 Pagesorganizations in the United States are complex and challenging group’s that are a required necessity of all communities, based on law. The fire service part of the emergency services have been around over two hundred years and has been the backbone of many emergency service agencies on how the culture is built and how everyday actions are completed within the emergency services, there has been cultural ambivalence within the Emergency Service on how to deal with employees, with the current laws and regulationsRead MoreAn Informative Comparison Between The Constitution Of The United States And That Of Israel1567 Words   |  7 PagesThe purpose of this paper is to provide an informative comparison between the constitution of the United States and that of Israel. Although Israel does not have an official constitution in place, there are sets of basic laws and rules that will be used to draw conclusions about how they address human rights, government power and structure, and how this may affect the allied relationship with the United states. There is a rather controversial debate regarding the importance of such an ally whichRead MoreThe United States And The Civil War1622 Words   |  7 Pages Independence). According to the U.S. Constitution the purpose for which the United States was created was to establish a perfect union within the citizens of the U.S. through justice, safety, welfare and liberty. In my opinion, although the U.S. Constitution states this, I do not believe this perfect union is in favor for everyone in this country because of the unjust events that have taken places within this country such as slavery. I believe the U.S. Constitution purpose only applies to those whoRead MoreCommerce Clausee Case Study1093 Words   |  5 PagesThe facts of this case consist of the state of Georgia enacting a law that requires all trucks and trailers operating within Georgia state lines to use contoured rear-fender mudguards. Furthermore, the state of Georgia prohibits the use of straight mudguards by making them illegal. However, straight mudguards are deemed to be legal in 35 other states including Georgia’s neighboring state, Florida- which explicitly requi res the use of straight mudguards by law. Lastly, evidence suggests that contouredRead MoreShould Felons Be Allowed to Vote? Essay794 Words   |  4 PagesShould Felons be Allowed to Vote? About 5.26 million people with a felony conviction are not allowed to vote in elections. Each state has its own laws on disenfranchisement. Nine states in America permanently restrict felons from voting while Vermont and Maine allow felons to vote while in prison. Proponents of felon re-enfranchisement believe felons who have paid their debt to society by completing their sentences should have all of their rights and privileges restored. They argue that effortsRead MoreFreedom of Religion: THe Maryland Toleration Act Essay886 Words   |  4 PagesBaltimore, provided: No person or persons...shall from henceforth be any waies troubled, molested or discountenanced for or in respect of his or her religion nor in the free exercise thereof. The Maryland Toleration Act was repealed with the assistance of Protestant assemblymen and a new law barring Catholics from openly practicing their religion was passed. The animosity between Protestants and Catholics in the United States of America, also called ‘American Anti-Catholicism’, resulted from theRead MoreEssay about Bill of Rights1608 Words   |  7 Pages In 1791, the Bill of Rights, consisting of 10 amendments, was ratified into the constitution. The document’s purpose was to spell out the liberties of the people that the government could not infringe upon. Considered necessary by many at the time of its development, the Bill of Rights became the cause for a huge debate between two different factions: The Federalists and the Anti-Federalists. The Federalists were those who thought that there should be a new Union created with a strong centralizedRead MoreA Political Demonstration Of The Dallas City Hall1118 Words   |  5 Pagesagainst the policie s, where Reagan sought to stimulate the economy with large tax cuts. Johnson was tried and convicted, under Texas law, of the desecration of a venerated object. The State Court of Appeals affirmed the actions, until the case advanced to the Supreme Court after the Texas Court of Criminal Appeals reversed the conviction, holding that the State (consistent with the First Amendment) could not punish Johnson for burning the flag in these circumstances. However, Johnson wasRead MoreEssay On Texas Constitution977 Words   |  4 PagesWe follow regulations everyday of our lives. Whether it be making a complete stop at a stop sign, paying our taxes, or refraining ourselves from cutting off the tag of a mattress. It’s important to know what rules we and our elected officials are held accountable for. Being aware and knowing the difference between the United States and Texas Constitution allows citizens to be apprehensive of what is happening in our government. The topics on the amending and impeachment system and the Judicial and

Health Care Disparities, the Uninsured, and the Role of...

Health Care Disparities, the Uninsured, and the Role of Cardiologists in the National Debate Presidential Address to the Opening Plenary: American College of Cardiology Scientific Sessions Steven E. Nissen MD MACC We live in the wealthiest nation in the history of the world and practice our profession in an era of unprecedented technological capability. In cardiovascular medicine, we can diagnose and treat heart disease with innovative approaches unimaginable to the previous generation of physicians. However, as a wealthy nation with a technologically advanced health care system, history will judge us not by our scientific progress, but by how we treat the weakest and most vulnerable amongst us. By this critical measure of†¦show more content†¦In 2005, the federal government considered the poverty level as an annual income of approximately $20,000 for a family of four. If we consider families with incomes between 100% and 200% of the poverty level (between $20,000 and $40,000 annually), the rate of uninsured families is a staggering 33%. For families with incomes between 40,000 and 60,000 dollars annually, the uninsured rate is still about 16%. How do these figures translate int o access to healthcare? In 2005, a survey by the Kaiser Family Foundation found that 31% of the uninsured had no regular source of health care, 35% postponed needed care due to lack of money and insurance, and 36% spent less on basic needs to pay for health care. Parents with children comprise about a quarter of the total uninsured population. Women are disproportionately represented – 20% of women ages 18 to 64 have no health insurance. That figure rises to 38% for Hispanic women. With such statistics, is it any wonder that we rank 46th in life expectancy and have high rates of infant mortality? For our own specialty, the disparities in cardiovascular outcomes for the financially disadvantaged are profound. In a manuscript published just two weeks ago in JAMA, prominent College member Harlan Krumholtz reported that, after a myocardial infarction, patients with financial barriers to healthcare were much more likely to require re-hospitalization, suffer from angina, and have a lower quality ofShow MoreRelatedEssay on Community Health and Population Focused Nursing7251 Words   |  30 Pages069- Retail trade-18, 906 Professional, scientific and technical services-18,412 Education-16,427 Arts, entertainment and recreation-12,012 Construction accounts for 9,660. Top three employers: AMR Corp. (American Airlines and Envoy Air) Texas Health Resources  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Lockheed Martin Financial Annual Unemployment Rate in 2014- 5%. Total county income - $52,247,302,144 Per capita income - $28,265 Political Tarrant County has consistently supported Republican Party presidentialRead More_x000C_Introduction to Statistics and Data Analysis355457 Words   |  1422 Pagesan elected member of the International Statistics Institute. Roxy has recently completed ï ¬ ve years as the Chief Reader for the Advanced Placement Statistics Exam and currently chairs the American Statistical Association’s Joint Committee with the National Council of Teachers of Mathematics on Curriculum in Statistics and Probability for Grades K–12. In addition to her texts in introductory statistics, Roxy is also co-editor of Statistical Case Studies: A Collaboration Between Academe and Industry

Racial Segregation And Racial Equality Essay - 1834 Words

Whites persecuting blacks has been a constant in America’s history. Whites have used violence, intimidation, and terrorism to maintain their social dominance, economic advantage, and political security for centuries. Despite enormous strides, there is an uphill battle for racial equality still left to fight today. Nowhere was this racism so apparent in the twentieth century than in Forsyth County, Georgia. White Forsyth County residents drove the county’s entire black population out to â€Å"fulfill their inheritance and birth right† as the superior white people (Senior). Valuing racial purity, the white citizens considered merely a â€Å"black face as a threat to their entire way of life† and prosperity (Senior). Ethnocentric in their beliefs, the white community utterly obliterated an entire culture solely due to the fact that the culture wore a different skin than they did. Even though the white community of Forsyth County proclaimed that they won the f ight â€Å"against n*ggers†, they did not (Senior). They only strengthened the cause for equality, integration, and tolerance among all people, which is something their bigoted minds cannot comprehend. Toni Morrison and Alice Walker use their own struggles with racism and sexism to articulate the prejudice and oppression black women face in an American culture dominated by white men in The Bluest Eye and The Color Purple. Pecola and Celie, both young black women, exemplify this oppression not only through extreme sexual violence but alsoShow MoreRelatedThe War For Equality During The 20th Century1218 Words   |  5 PagesWar for Equality The first half of the Twentieth century witnessed both WWI and WWII and another war as well; the War for Equality. With a racism and persecution at a high level, racial minorities were ready to fight back. In the first half of the Twentieth century the mistreatment of racial minorities led to a War for Equality; fought on many levels with varying levels of success. The war was fierce and did not end in the first half of the Twentieth Century. Like any war the War for Equality had its’Read MoreEffects Of Racial Discrimination On The Civil Rights Movement1403 Words   |  6 Pagessignificance of Presidents in reducing racial discrimination during 1860-1970 we must first look at the impact each President had on the civil rights which will be measured by how they reduced racism through reports and legislation aiming towards African Americans (AA). Presidents were crucial in reducing racial discrimination because without the influence of national leaders it is impossible to understand how AA achieved integration and racial equality. Racial discrimination can be defined as beingRead MoreHow Racial Minorities Found Hope for Improvement1167 Words   |  5 PagesRacial minorities have suffered a treacherous life under the white majority for the period 1870s-1930s. However, they worked hard to improve their political, social, and economic conditions with some successes and failures. By overcoming the laws and regulations p laced by the white majority, racial minorities found methods to settle in an area and earn a living. Even though they were not guaranteed equality, minorities lived an arduous yet hopeful life, waiting for the day when they could be treatedRead MoreGke 1 Task 21300 Words   |  6 Pagesleader for his role in fighting apartheid and being the first multi-racial president of South Africa. His presidency created a significant change in the perception and building of a multiracial society in South Africa and around the world. Nelson Mandela was also known to be a leader of a civil rights organization known as the African National Congress. The purpose of the African National Congress was to demolish racial segregation and discrimination. The two most significant social changes made byRead MoreComing of Age in Mississippi and Segregation Essay1304 Words   |  6 PagesMississippi. Her story comprises of her trials and tribulations from life in the South during the rise of the Civil Righ ts movement. Life during this time embraced segregation, which made life for African Americans rough. As an African American woman growing up during the Civil Rights movement, Moody has a unique story on themes like work and racial consciousness present during this time. Moody’s position as an African American woman provides a unique insight into these themes through her story. As a littleRead MoreCivil Rights For African Americans1001 Words   |  5 PagesAmericans Marciano Castillo Government 3P May 5, 2015 For centuries African Americans have been treated differently because of the color of their skin. They’ve been slaves, segregated, and discriminated, and been forced to fight for equality. Till this day African Americans are discriminated but yet have accomplished a lot from changing laws to changing the way they are viewed. The first slaves arrived in Virginia around the 1600’s and was the jumpstart to what was to come in the unitedRead MoreMartin Luther King And Rosa Parks : Achieving Racial Equality Essay1543 Words   |  7 Pagesand Rosa Parks in achieving racial equality, the presence of racism in American society continues to cause turmoil between white and minority individuals, which invokes an essential question: despite living in a modern and progressive society, why has racial equality not been truly achieved yet? Unfortunately, the long-lasting presence of racial injustice has prevented our society from attaining full acceptance of diverse beliefs and eradication of racial segregation, which still exists today onRead MoreEssay on Martin Luther Kings Successful Philosophy1019 Words   |  5 Pagesfreed and the constitution was amended to guarantee racial equality, they were still not treated the same as whites and were thought of as second class citizens. One man had the right idea o n how to change America, Martin Luther King Jr. had the best philosophy for advancing civil rights, he preached nonviolence to express the need for change in America and he united both African Americans and whites together to fight for economic and social equality. Throughout his education, Martin Luther King JrRead MoreThe Cold War Between Communism And Communism1382 Words   |  6 Pagesthought that Unites states should play the role as a leader to â€Å"lead the rest of the world to a future of international cooperation, expanding democracy, and ever-increasing living standards (Give me Liberty P952).† They wanted to express the idea of equality, civil rights, and the freedom to the world, and hoped to build an easier world for democracy and capitalism. However, Soviet Union, which was the only power that could rival the United States, claimed that communism could make the world more organizedRead MoreThe Civil Disobedience Of African Americans1369 Words   |  6 Pagesbroken, but the chain of discrimination still existed. Under racial segregation, colored people were not allowed to share public facilities and activities with white people. The Civil Rights Movement was then established with its goal to clear any segregation and dis crimination against African Americans. In today’s society, discrimination has been banned, but a degree of segregation still exists in our community such as schools. Segregation has not yet ending. The civil disobedience of African-Americans

The Haitian Revolution Essay - 2474 Words

The cause and effects of the Haitian Revolution have played, and continue to play, a major role in the history of the Caribbean. During the time of this rebellion, slavery was a large institution throughout the Caribbean. The success of the sugar and other plantations was based on the large slave labor forces. Without these forces, Saint Domingue, the island with the largest sugar production, and the rest of the Caribbean, would face the threat of losing a profitable industry. The Haitian Revolution did not just start and end in one day. Instead, the entire revolution took place over a very event filled thirteen years. The start of the revolution was influenced by many other incidents. Including slave revolts throughout Saint Domingue†¦show more content†¦In France at the time, the relatively homogenous ethnicity allowed for the convenient and commonly accepted divisions of social ?estates?. By contrast, the colonies were culturally and ethnically plural. Rather than ?estates,? the colonies,...had ?castes?, whites, free persons of color, and the slaves (Knight 203). While the black slaves formed about 80 percent of the population on the island of Saint Domingue, the upper strata was divided between color and class. The population of Saint Domingue at the time was classified into three main categories. Each main category was then subdivided. The whites were divided between the gran blancs and the petit blancs; the free blacks were usually referred to as the gens de couleur; and the slaves were called affranchis. Another factor which must be understood before explaining the events that took place before, during, and after the revolution is the general geography of the island itself. In 1789, Saint Domingue was not a unified colony. It was divided geographically, topographically, and agriculturally into a eastern and western sides. The western part of the island, Hispanola, belonging to the Spanish and the Eastern portion, Saint Domingue belonging to the French. The Spanish side was again split into three distinct provinces which all came into operation during theShow MoreRelatedThe Revolution Of The Haitian Revolution1385 Words   |  6 PagesThe Haitian Revolution is one of the most effective and swift Slave revolts of all time. The causes of the Haitian Revolution were quite simple and was similar to any other kind of slave revolt. Many ideas carried around by slave traders at the time such as treating slaves as property, using social/racial classes, and oppressive control ultimately tippe d the slaves over the edge. Ideas of independence also sparked the revolution, and one key inspiration to the cause was The French Revolution. ThisRead MoreHaitian Revolution : The Revolution1199 Words   |  5 PagesHaitian Revolution: The Haitian Revolution was led by Toussaint L’Ouverture from May 20, 1743 to April 7, 1803. It has been described as the largest and most successful slave rebellion. The rebellion was initiated in 1791 by the slaves. In the end, they had succeeded in ending slavery and French control on the colony. The Haitian Revolution consisted of multiple revolutions going simultaneously. The Haitian Revolution existed from 1791 to 1804. It was important because Haiti is the only country whereRead MoreThe Haitian Revolution1975 Words   |  8 Pagesrebellion is called the Haitian Revolution. The Haitian Revolution is one of the largest slave revolts that have ever occurred. Finally fed up with oppression, severed rights under the French, and failed promi ses of liberty, the slaves of Saint Domingue took matters into their own hands. After years of violence and struggles for freedom, the slaves of Saint Domingue finally were emancipated, making all their efforts worthwhile. The Haitian Revolution is the most notable revolution that have ever occurredRead MoreThe Haitian Revolution And The American Revolution1365 Words   |  6 PagesAtlantic World. In a time that can be called an era of revolution, the Atlantic World faced a multitude of uprisings. The American Revolution in 1765 would be the start of the age of revolutions, and would later inspire the revolutions of other countries across the Atlantic, such as the French Revolution in 1789, the Haitian Revolution in 1791, and later the Latin American Revolutions during the early nineteenth century. The events of these revolutions created shockwaves across the Atlantic that wouldRead MoreHaitian revolution Essay1149 Words   |  5 PagesIn 1791 revolution broke out in the French co lony of Saint Domingue, later called Haiti. The Haitian Revolution resounded in communities surrounding the Atlantic Ocean. One of the wealthiest European outposts in the New World, the Caribbean islands western third had some of the largest and most brutal slave plantations. Slave laborers cultivated sugar, coffee, indigo, and cotton, and they endured horrible death rates, requiring constant infusions of slaves from Africa. In 1789 roughly 465,000 blackRead MoreThe Haitian Revolution Of 17911317 Words   |  6 Pages The Haitian Revolution To say that all men are born and created equally is an understatement to say the least. Speaking morally, yes. But in reality, no. Especially if you are someone of African descent lost in the diaspora. Case in point, the Haitian Revolution. Holding someone against their will and forcing them into slavery is wrong. To force an unfair and unjustified debt upon a people for fighting for their freedom and winning is double wrong and equally as bad as slaveryRead MoreSuccess of the Haitian Revolution1897 Words   |  8 Pagesï » ¿The Success of the Haitian Revolution The Haitian Revolution was the result of a long struggle on the part of the slaves in the French colony of St. Domingue, but was also propelled by the free Mulattoes who had long faced the trials of being denoted as semi-citizens. This revolt was not unique, as there were several rebellions of its kind against the institution of plantation slavery in the Caribbean, but the Haitian Revolution the most successful. This had a great deal to do withRead MoreFrench Revolution vs. the Haitian Revolution762 Words   |  4 PagesThe French Revolution vs. The Haitian Revolution A revolution is a shift, a turning point, a change in government. A revolution usually occurs when the majority of a nation is frustrated with the economic, political, or the social situation of their country. Two very interesting revolutions were the Haitian and the French revolutions. While the Haitian and French revolutions took place in close proximity to one another, the cause for the revolutions and results were quite different. The politicalRead MoreFactors Responsible for the Outbreak of the Haitian Revolution2143 Words   |  9 PagesCaribbean was the Haitian Revolution. This School Based Assessment (SBA) is aimed at identifying the main causes and effects of the Haitian Revolution. Another aim off this school Based Assessment is to seek to find out why most slave protest and rebellions failed to destroy the system of slavery. Factors that were responsible for the outbreak of the Haitian revolution Class division was a major factor, which contributed to the outbreak of the Haitian Revolution. In St Domingue, thereRead MoreLouvertures Efforts as Leader of the Haitian Revolution Essay775 Words   |  4 PagesThe Haitian Revolution was time of hectic blood shed war. Toussaint Louverture was the leader of the Haitians out of slavery and free from the Spanish. The colony of St. Domingue was a slave island, where slaves would work to make goods to be sent to Spain in return for nothing. The people were treated harsh and done wrong but by the efforts of Louverture they will become free. Louverture was the leader of the revolution but failed to complete his duties because of capture Jean- Jacques Dessalines

Chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) Essay Example For Students

Chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) Essay CFCs are a family of man-made gases used for various industrial purposes. First developed in the 1920s in the United States, CFCs have been used in large quantaties since 1950. The industrialized countries can account for over 80% of CFCs use. CFC-11 is used primarily as a propellant in aerosol cans, although its use has been phased out it is still used in the production of plastic foams. CFC-12 is used in foam production as well as cooling coals of refrigerators and air conditioners. HCFC-22 was recently introduced as a replacement for CFC-12 because of its shorter life in the atmosphere, and thus is less of an ozone depleting drug. CFC-113, methyl chloroform, and carbon tetrachloride are used as solvents for cleaning, carbon tetrachloride is also a feed stock for the production of CFC-11 and CFC-12.CFCs are released in relatively small quantities, but one kilogram of the most common CFCs may have a direct effect on climate 1000 times large than that of one kilogram of carbon. In ad dition over the last two decades the percentage increase of CFCs in the atmosphere has been higher than any other greenhouse gas. By 1990 the increase was 4-12% a year. CFCs also destroy ozone itself a greenhouse gas their net effect on climate is unclear. The strength of the indirect effect of ozone depletion depends on variables such as temperature of the upper atmosphere and cannot yet be measured with any confidence. According to new research, however, it is possible that the indirect effect of CFCs cancels out some or all of the direct effect of their being powerful greenhouse gases. CFCs are generally colorless, odorless, and non-toxic. They also do not react chemically with other materials, and as a result they remain in the atmosphere for a very long time often 50 to 100 years before they are destroyed by reactions catalyzed by the sunlight. CFCs are composed of carbon, chlorine, and fluorine. Together with other manufactured gases that contain either fluorine or chlorine, and with bromine-containg Halons, CFCs are referred to collectively as halogenated compounds, or halocarbons. There is an often significant lag time between the production of CFCs and their escape into the atmosphere. Some CFCs, such as those used in spray cans or as solvents for washing electronic parts, are emitted within just a few months or years of being produced. Others, such as that contained in durable equipment such as air conditioners, refrigerators, and fire extinguishers, may not be released for decades. Even if the use of CFCs were stopped it would take decades for the level o f CFCs to fall to 0, unless some methods were adopted to capture and recycle CFCs. Although they are important greenhouse gases CFCs are better known for their role in damaging the ozone layer. CFCs first came to the publics attention in the mid-1980s when a hole was discovered in the ozone layer over Antarctica. Scientist known that the complex series chemical reactions only occur during the Arctic and Antarctic spring times. The Stratosphere ozone forms a protective layer that blocks out the suns ultraviolet (UV) rays that cause skin cancer and other cell damage.In response to this weakening shield, most of the worlds CFC users adopted the Montreal Protocol in 1987. This treaty commits nations who signed it to phase out CFC use by the year 2000. In November of 1992, growing fears of the ozone depletion lead to the Copenhagen agreement, which commits governments to phase out the most destructive CFCs by 1996. Alternatives are being developed to replace CFCs. Some of these substitutes are halocarbons, such as the compound HCFC-22, which can replace CFC-12 in refrigeration and air-conditioning. These substitutes are also greenhouse gases, but because they are shorter-lived than the CFCs used now they will have a more limited long-term effect on the atmosphere. Other substitutes that are less harmful than CFC-22 have been developed and tested and are now being rapidly introduced for various applications. Additional solutions involve change in the industries to eliminate the need for halocarbons althogeter. .u2f29550bab2e1c263beac067f2317dcb , .u2f29550bab2e1c263beac067f2317dcb .postImageUrl , .u2f29550bab2e1c263beac067f2317dcb .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u2f29550bab2e1c263beac067f2317dcb , .u2f29550bab2e1c263beac067f2317dcb:hover , .u2f29550bab2e1c263beac067f2317dcb:visited , .u2f29550bab2e1c263beac067f2317dcb:active { border:0!important; } .u2f29550bab2e1c263beac067f2317dcb .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u2f29550bab2e1c263beac067f2317dcb { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u2f29550bab2e1c263beac067f2317dcb:active , .u2f29550bab2e1c263beac067f2317dcb:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u2f29550bab2e1c263beac067f2317dcb .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u2f29550bab2e1c263beac067f2317dcb .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u2f29550bab2e1c263beac067f2317dcb .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u2f29550bab2e1c263beac067f2317dcb .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u2f29550bab2e1c263beac067f2317dcb:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u2f29550bab2e1c263beac067f2317dcb .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u2f29550bab2e1c263beac067f2317dcb .u2f29550bab2e1c263beac067f2317dcb-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u2f29550bab2e1c263beac067f2317dcb:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Moral maturity EssayFor example water based cleaners are increasingly being sold for CFCs in the electronic industries, and non-pressurized, or pump spray bottles are being sold instead of CFC-driven spray cans.

Management Research and Communication Skills

Question: Discuss about theManagementfor Research and Communication Skills. Answer: After Action Review Group work is vital in building research and communication skills among students. This is because the students have to search for information from the library and the internet and then argue out the findings before compiling the final solutions. Furthermore, it gives the students an opportunity to exercise management skills such as planning, leadership and controlling. Therefore, group work is essential in developing coordination and cooperation among students. All of the above activities occurred during my experience in teamwork. This after action review paper is a reflection on the experience I had during the work. It addresses how the team executed it activities including how we planned and organized for our work, how the group was led and how the group activities were controlled. In these three processes, what worked out and areas which were inefficiently addressed are discussed. Initially, I had thought that working in a group is easy because we were many. However, I come to learn that it is as challenging as managing an organization. This is because we had a tough time developing a timetable for the discussion group. Before commencing our study, we met to devise ways of handling the assignment. This was on the second day after the teams had been allocated. In this meeting, we were to select the group leader and the secretary who would be noting the important arguments that were coined. This was not a challenging process, and we finished the activity within ten minutes. However, developing a discussion schedule took us more than three hours. This is because everyone in the group wanted the group discussion to take place during their free time. This was almost impossible because each of us had varying free time. Therefore, we had to look for other options. Finally, it was approved that the group would be meeting for two-hour per day. After setting the time to hold the discussions, we had to divide the task among ourselves. Each one had to research in a given area. This is where I feel our grouped messed. We allocated the tasks among ourselves without laying any particular objectives of the discussion. The group did not outline the quality of the research they wanted on the shared task. This was against the elements of proper planning described by Yow (2000). According to Yow (2000), a good plan of action should define the objectives, means of achieving the goals and the quality of the results desired. Therefore, our failure to address the quality of the answer that we required for the assignment was among the contributing factors for our poor performance. However, it was a good start because at least we had a plan which was recommendable. According to Yow (2000), it is better to have an imperfect plan than to have none. Despite our plan lacking specific objectives, it gave us directives on how to handle the assignment. For instance, it outlined who should make the first submission and when to do it. This made the members focused on delivering on time. This schedule made it possible for all the group members to present their research findings within the specified time. Furthermore, it helped us avoid confusions since it outlined the role and the area each one of us was to handle. Therefore, I feel that our planning was good despite missing out on the quality aspect. If we are given a chance to plan differently, the issue of quality would appear first on the list. This is because it gives directives on the type of content that the group should discuss. For instance, some members just gathered information from the internet without checking the credibility of the sites. This made our research arguments to lack credibility. However, despite the ineffective planning, the group was excellently organized. Everyone within the team knew what they were to do. The allocation of tasks to all team members during the planning made the group have high levels of efficiency. Each member knew the discussion venue and what was expected. Therefore, this made us avoid time wastage. However, we only organized ourselves on how to handle the assignment and forgot to organize our communication. This was the greatest cause for our poor performance. The group lacked efficient flow of communication from the team leader the member. For instance, some members skipped some discussion forums with any communication. This derailed our assignment plans since we had allocated time for each activity and all members were part of the scheme. There was also communication breakdown during the presentation process. Some members found it extremely challenging to express their point of argument clearly. This was caused by poor interpersonal c ommunication skills and poor research execution. This made our group take much time in one area. According to Grover (2005), effective communication is vital for improving interpersonal relations and teamwork performance. It was very unfortunate that the group had communication breakdown and this made us lose marks. Furthermore, it made us waste time deliberating on the same area. Therefore, if we had organized our communication strategy efficiently, I believe our performed could have been better. This is because the time we wasted due to poor expression could have been utilized refining the assignment. It was very discouraging to see how poor communication skills made the group lose marks. To avert such shortcomings, caused by communication lapse, next time we would start by organizing how to express ourselves in the group. This entails word selection, use of gestures and having confidence while presenting. This can be achieved by teaching and encouraging one another. It was very discouraging for group members to laugh at one of their own when they had expression difficulties instead of helping them. I remember there was a word which I did not pronounce correctly and all the other members busted into laughter. This made to feel uneasy while presenting. Therefore, next time organizing for proper communication and presentation strategies will not elude our group discussion. This strategy will address issues such as how members communicate with each other, helping one other in pronouncing difficult words and teaching the team members excellent presentation skills. The group had a group leader and a secretary who were responsible for running the assignment discussion. The team leader played a crucial role in aligning the discussion to the task objectives. According to Gujral (2012), a good leader should love to learn, grow and expand his or her knowledge. Furthermore, they should respect other peoples opinion. All these qualities were present in our group leader. The leader provider provided equal opportunities to all the participants to submit their arguments. This made it possible for the group to gather vast materials on the assignment. However, this kindness to everyone made us violate a vital principle in group discussion, which is the element of time management. The team leader is responsible for managing time within the group. Therefore, his inabilities made us waste much time during our sessions. Therefore, I feel that next time, the leader should be more cautious on time management, it is respectable to give each one equal opportunity to express their views. However, there are those members who tend to overuse this freedom. The secretarys performance was not impressive. This is because the secretary overlooked some of the contributions from members. For instance, he did not record the points which did not impress him. This discouraged the members whose contribution was overlooked. This even threatened to disintegrate our team. However, the team leader was there to salvage the situation. This was learning experience for the team. The next time when the team is selecting a secretary, it will look for an individual who understands that during teamwork, it is essential to respect contributions from everyone. However, despite the secretarys attitude, his editing and organization skills were exceptional. This made us present a nice and well-edited document. The teams application of control process was wanting. This is because we failed in developing a well-structured and quality oriented discussion plan. Therefore, the team concentrated on concluding the assignment without much regards for the quality. Furthermore, the team did not adequately control the communication process. This made some members to skip some discussion sessions without informing the rest. However, the team leader was very efficient in controlling the discussion process. All of the components that were captured in the study schedule were addressed accordingly within their set timeframe. This made it possible for the team to make a timely submission. Therefore, next time the group will not grant much freedom to the member. This will be through setting a strict control process which has quality work submission as its top priority. This is because, when the members have excess freedom, they undervalue the importance of team discussion. Therefore, it will be vital to set strict guidelines which center on building an effective teamwork. Conclusively, the team activity presented me with a great learning experience. It is through this group assignment that I learned the power of effective communication skills, quality research strategies and the importance of respecting other peoples opinions. Despite the shortcoming that we experienced during the process, I learned new strategies for planning, organizing, leading and controlling team activities. Therefore, I look forward to participating in another team assignment so that I can employ my new insights on group discussion. Reference List Grover, S. M., 2005. Shaping effective communication skills and therapeutic relationships at work. Aaohn journal, 53(4), pp. 177-182. Gujral, G. S., 2012. Leadership Qualities for Effective Leaders. New Delhi: Vij Books India Pvt Ltd. Yow, D. A., 2000. Strategic Planning for Collegiate Athletics. New York: Strategic Planning for Collegiate Athletics.